Columbia ISA
Audio – Video

High Definition Television
High Definition (HD) is video resolution of 720p, 1080p, 4K (UHD), 8K (UHD2 or FUHD) or higher. DVD is not High-Def. VHS (VCR) is not High-Def.

HDTV Content Sources

There are six standard ways to receive High Definition content. The options are listed below:

Satellite TV

A satellite company will sell you HD programming. If you decide to get HD from a satellite company you will have to:

  1. Get a subscription from the specific satellite company that includes HD programming.
  2. Buy a satellite dish that is capable of receiving HD signals from the satellite company you wish to receive HD service from.
  3. Buy a Set-Top-Box that is capable of decoding High Definition channels and is compatible with the specific satellite provider you choose.
  4. Buy a High Definition TV to view the signals.


Dish Network can deliver 4K content via satellite and streaming, primarily through the Hopper 3 receiver and 4K Joey. While dedicated 4K channels exist, much of the 4K content is delivered via On Demand and integrated apps like Netflix. A 4K TV, Hopper 3, and a high-speed internet connection are required for 4K.

Local Cable TV

Cable TV companies may provide HDTV content in your area. If you decide to do this you will have to:

  1. Get a subscription from the cable provider who supports HDTV and drops a coaxial cable into your house if not present already.
  2. Buy or rent a Set-Top-Box that is capable of decoding High Definition channels and is compatible with the specific cable company you choose.
  3. Buy a High Definition TV to view the signals.

Many people confuse Digital Cable with HDTV. If you get Digital Cable, this usually does not mean you are already set up to receive High Definition signals. Many channels are not High-Def but they are digital as cable TV companies have transitioned from analog signals to digital signals. Some channels will be High-Definition.

For 4K content, this is very limited from local cable TV providers, often only available for special events, however, cable companies are transitioning to internet based content where 4K is more available.

Local Over The Air TV

OTA stands for Over the Air. You set up an antenna to get broadcasts from local TV towers. If you get signals OTA you will not have to pay a subscription to a cable or satellite company and the programming is completely free. This does, however, limit you to only a few local channels (although large metro areas can provide a hundred channels (subchannels) or more) and is why most people receiving television programming OTA also get programming from a cable company or satellite company as well. If you decide to get OTA HD programs, you will have to:

  1. Buy (if you do not already own) an antenna that is capable of receiving signals from broadcast towers near you. To find out what type of antenna you might need, see Antennas.

  2. If you only have an old analog TV (CRT), buy a Set-Top-Box that is capable of receiving and decoding High Definition channels over the air.

  3. Buy a High Definition TV to view the signals.
High-Def video resolution from OTA broadcasts has been limited to 720p or 1080i using the ATSC 1.0 standard. The newer ATSC 3.0 standard is capable of 4K, however your local TV station will need to transition to ATSC 3.0 and broadcast 4K signals for you to view on a TV capable of 4K video resolution.

Of course, you can choose to get HDTV from multiple sources at the same time. Many people get both Satellite and OTA signals since OTA does not cost anything except the initial setup. Plus, if you are getting HDTV over satellite that may mean you already have a STB that can decode OTA signals too.

How should you get your high definition programming? It depends on your area and what is available. Many areas have exceptional OTA HD broadcasts. However, in the case of OTA signals, you will not get many channels and you will have to set up an antenna. Most people choose OTA as a second choice after getting cable or satellite as their primary TV reception method.

Only some areas are offering DTV and HDTV through the local cable companies. You can rent a STB for as low as $9.95 per month from many cable companies that offer Digital TV right now. This is a huge advantage when compared to buying a $400 to $900 STB that may be old and outdated in just a few years. However, the question remains: Does your area get DTV or HDTV through a local cable company? If not, you simply can not make this choice at this point in time.

Then, there is Satellite. You will be able to get satellite transmissions from almost anywhere. You will be guaranteed to get a lot of channels and you will not have to bother with setting up an antenna. You will have to set up a Satellite dish, which in many cases can be done for you with an installation fee.


Internet (Streaming)

Internet providers offer High-Def movies, TV shows, sporting events, news, comedy and more. You need a HD TV with Wi-Fi or Ethernet, a modem, router and High-Speed Internet Service.

Most modern smart TVs offer 720, 1080 or 4K native resolution. Each TV maker offers their app store for downloading apps which usually have the most popular apps for HD content.

Internet TV channels for HD smart TVs

LG TVs obtain internet TV channels primarily through the pre-installed LG Channels app, which is powered by a partnership with Xumo Play. This service provides free ad-supported streaming television directly over the internet without needing a cable subscription.

LG's internet TV channels:
The service is branded as LG Channels (often powered by Xumo), which integrates directly into the webOS platform. It offers hundreds of free streaming channels, including news, movies, and sports, often incorporating local stations. Users can also access internet channels through dedicated apps like Pluto TV and YouTube TV. The LG Channel guide can mix these internet-based streams with local over-the-air (OTA) antenna channels, typically placing internet channels in a higher number range (above channel 100).

Samsung TV obtains internet-based channels primarily through "Samsung TV Plus", a free, ad-supported streaming service built into 2016 and newer Samsung smart TVs that deliver live channels via the internet. It also streams via third-party apps, including Pluto TV, Sling, and YouTube TV. Samsung TV Plus primarily streams content in 1080p HD, but it supports up to 4K.

Optical Disc - Blu-ray

Blu-ray discs are HD and 4K-UHD with a variety of content including movies, TV series and more. A Blu-ray player, (which also plays DVD and CD) is needed and for 4K you need a UHD Blu-ray player. The advantage of Blu-ray is you own the content and can view it anytime you want with no concerns about availability of internet services. In addition, Blu-ray is capable of the highest quality audio format, Dolby True-HD, an uncompressed surround sound. You will need a surround sound setup, A/V Receiver with multiple speakers for the best experience. Internet services use the Dolby Digital Plus (compressed) audio format.

Many Blu-ray players can access internet content, such as streaming services via built-in Wi-Fi or Ethernet cables. Users can connect by navigating to the "Network Settings" in the player's home menu to select a network. Some players also support streaming apps.

Gaming

The SONY Playstation PS5 and the XBOX Series X can provide HD and 4K UHD content.

Native 4K vs. Dynamic 4K:
Many games use dynamic resolution to maintain high frame rates, meaning they rarely run at a fixed 4K (3840 x 2160) resolution all the time.

SONY PS3: Over 90% of games played at 720p or below.
SONY PS4/PS4 Pro: The vast majority of titles support 1080p output.
SONY PS5: Virtually all games run at 1080p or higher, often upscaling to 4K

To get high-definition (HD) and 4K content on a PS5, ensure the console is connected via the included HDMI 2.1 cable to a 4K-capable TV. Select settings by enabling 2160p resolution, HDR, and 120Hz in the system menu, and select "Performance" mode in game presets for better visuals and smoother frame rates.

 



Learn about the various tv formats:
TV formats
Learn about tv features:
TV features
How do I get HDTV:
TV HDTV



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